A REVIEW OF EXISTING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MODELS AND SPECTRAL INDICES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION

Abstract

The earth and humanity are in serious trouble because of climate change. Recently, more than 11,000 scientists around the world released and signed a statement that the Earth is facing a climate emergency. Several works have been published on how to proffer immediate and long term solutions to this global issue, and one nexus from all the research works carried out point to the fact that the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can help in climate change mitigation and adaptation. This is because it has been noticed that the rebounding effects of the use of AI are directly and indirectly exacerbating climate change and there is need to focus more attention on AI for solution. However, there are ethical issues that need to be resolved about the reduction of the use of AI towards mitigation and adaptation to accommodate all the stakeholders. Other works dealt with the use of satellite spectral indices to determine how human activities have affected various climatic variables such as rainfall, land-use/land-cover, flood, air quality, heat waves among others. Hence, this paper presents the review of previous research on AI models, satellite spectral indices, opportunities, ethical issues, solutions and policy levers for climate change mitigation and adaptation.