Exploring the Advantages and Challenges of Agricultural Biotechnology in South-West Ondo State, Nigeria: An Ecological Validity Approach

Abstract

This study is a systematic review that explores, the advantages and threats of agricultural biotechnology from an ecological validity perspective, that hold the potential to address food insecurity while considering environmental sustainability as tool to achieve the aim of this study. Agricultural biotechnology has emerged as a transformative tool for enhancing food security, particularly in regions like South-West Ondo State, Nigeria, where ecological and socio-economic challenges persist. Key advantages identified in this study include, improved crop yields, resistance to pests and diseases, and reduced reliance on chemical inputs such as pesticides and fertilizers. The study made use of thirteen (13) articles using CASP, PICO and PRISMA in data collection and to select studies that were utilized in this study. This study made use of secondary data from existing literature that was published between 2013 and 2024. This study underscores the importance of public skepticism towards genetically modified organisms (GMOs), balancing technological innovation with ecological preservation by promoting “agro-bio” driven policies, public education, and stakeholder collaboration that mitigate the inadequacy of regulatory frameworks that exacerbate the challenges of adopting biotechnology in this region. Concerns about biodiversity loss due to monoculture practices, potential contamination of native species through gene flow, and long-term soil health degradation are critical issues discussed. By addressing these threats proactively, agricultural biotechnology can serve as a viable solution for sustainable development in South-West Ondo State while safeguarding its unique ecological systems.